Tο λειτουργικό πρωτότυπο ενός εμφυτεύματος του κρανίου που θα μπορεί να επικοινωνεί με τα εγκεφαλικά κύτταρα παρουσίασε ο Έλον Μασκ δείχνοντας μάλιστα τη λειτουργία του σε αρχικό στάδιο χρησιμοποιώντας τρία γουρούνια.
Σύμφωνα με τον Αμερικανό δισεκατομμυριούχο η συσκευή της εταιρείας νευροτεχνολογίας Neuralink, της οποίας είναι συνιδρυτής, θα μπορεί κάποια μέρα να θεραπεύει ένα ευρύ φάσμα «σημαντικών εγκεφαλικών προβλημάτων και παθήσεων της σπονδυλικής στήλης», περιλαμβανομένης της απώλειας μνήμης και όρασης, των εγκεφαλικών επεισοδίων, ακόμη και την εξάρτηση από τα ναρκωτικά.
«Σας παρουσιάζω με μεγάλο ενθουσιασμό αυτό που έχουμε αναπτύξει. Νομίζω ότι θα σας πάρει τα μυαλά», είπε στην αρχή της παρουσίας ο Μασκ συγκρίνοντας τη συσκευή μ’ ένα «Fitbit στο κρανίο σας με μικροσκοπικά καλώδια».
Aφού έπεισε μια γουρούνα, ονόματι Γκέρτρουντ, να αφήσει το στυλό της, ο Μασκ προχώρησε στην «επίδειξη με τα τρία γουρουνάκια», όπως είπε, με το εμφύτευμα της Neuralink να «διαβάζει» σε πραγματικό χρόνο την εγκεφαλική δραστηριότητα του ζώου, ενώ ακούγονταν «μπιπ». Η συσκευή είχε τοποθετηθεί προηγουμένως και αφαιρέθηκε από ένα δεύτερο γουρούνι – πράγμα που αποδεικνύει κατά τον Μασκ ότι μπορεί να συνεχίσει κάποιος «υγιής και χαρούμενος» τη ζωή του μετά την αφαίρεση του εμφυτεύματος, ενώ στο τρίτο γουρούνι δεν είχε τοποθετηθεί συσκευή. Η τελευταία εκδοχή του Neuralink έχει πλέον μέγεθος «μεγάλου νομίσματος» κι είναι αρκετή λεπτή για χωρέσει κάτω από την επιδερμίδα του κρανίου. «Είναι αόρατο και το μόνο που βλέπει κανείς μετά την τοποθέτησή του είναι μια μικρή ουλή. Αν το σημείο είναι κάτω απ’ το τριχωτό της κεφαλής, δεν διακρίνεται τίποτε», πρόσθεσε.
To εμφύτευμα εγκεφάλου, που παρουσίασε χθες ο Έλον Μασκ
Η εταιρεία του Μασκ ελπίζει κάποια στιγμή το εμφύτευμα που «διαβάζει» τα εγκεφαλικά σήματα να αναλύει ταχύτατα τις πληροφορίες και μέσω Bluetooth να τις στέλνει σε κινητά με ειδικές εφαρμογές με στόχο τη θεραπεία σοβαρών ψυχικών και σωματικών προβλημάτων. Ο Μασκ πιστεύει ότι το εμφύτευμα θα είναι δυνατό να τοποθετηθεί σε διάστημα μικρότερο της ώρας: «Βασικά θα μπορεί κανείς να πάει στο νοσοκομείο το πρωί και να φύγει το απόγευμα και η διαδικασία μπορεί να γίνει χωρίς να υποβληθεί σε γενική νάρκωση».
Η Neuralink, συνιδρυτής της οποίας είναι ο Μασκ, έχει την έδρα της στο Σαν Φρανσίσκο. Ιδρύθηκε το 2016 με στόχο την ανάπτυξη ασύρματων εμφυτευμάτων ικανών να συνδέουν τον εγκέφαλο σε Η/Η με χιλιάδες ηλεκτρόδια, που θα μπορούν σε προηγμένο στάδιο να συνδέσουν τους ανθρώπους με την τεχνητή νοημοσύνη. Στο εγχείρημα απασχολούνται περίπου 100 άτομα και έχουν επενδυθεί κάπου 158 εκατ. δολάρια, τα εκατό εκ των οποίων έβαλε ο mr Tesla.
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